Essential Oils

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the foliage and terminal branchlets of Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betch) Cheel, Melaleuca linariifolia Smith, Melaleuca dissiti- fl ora F. Mueller, and/or other species of Melaleuca.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained without heating, by suitable mechanical treatment of the fresh peel of the fruit of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Citrus aurantium L. var. dulcis L.).

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the fl owering aerial parts of Rosmarinus offi cinalis L.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the dry ripe fruits of Illicium verum Hook. fi l.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation, followed by rectifi cation at a temperature below 180°C, from the oleoresin obtained by tapping Pinus pinaster Aiton.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the fresh needles, twigs, and branches of Pinus sylvestris L.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the fresh aerial parts of the fl owering plant of Mentha piperita L.

Defi nition: Nutmeg oil is obtained by steam distillation of the dried and crushed kernels of Myristica fragrans Houtt.

Defi nition: Neroli oil is obtained by steam distillation of the fresh fl owers of Citrus aurantium L. subsp. aurantium L. (Citrus aurantium L. subsp. amara Engl.).

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the fresh, fl owering aerial parts, recently gathered from Mentha canadensis L. [syn. Mentha arvensis L. var. glabrata (Benth) Fern., Mentha arvensis var. piperascens Malinv. ex Holmes], followed by partial separation of menthol by crystallization.

Defi nition: Blue essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the fresh or dried fl ower heads or fl owering tops of Matricaria recutita L. (Chamomilla recutita L. Rauschert). There are two types of matricaria oils, which are characterized as rich in bisabolol oxides or rich in (-)-a-bisabolol.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained without heating, by suitable mechanical treatment of the fresh peel of the fruit of Citrus reticulata Blanco var. mandarin.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by suitable mechanical means, without the aid of heat, from the fresh peel of Citrus limon (L.) Burman fi l.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the fl owering tops of Lavandula angusti- folia Miller (Lavandula offi cinalis Chaix).

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the ripe, nonfermented berry cones of Juniperus communis L.

Defi nition: Eucalyptus oil is obtained by steam distillation and rectifi cation of the fresh leaves or the fresh terminal branchlets of various species of Eucalyptus rich in 1,8-cineole. The species mainly used are Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Eucalyptus polybractea R.T. Baker, and Eucalyptus smithii R.T. Baker.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the fresh needles, twigs, and branches of Pinus mugo ssp. mugo ZENARI and/or Pinus mugo ssp. pumilio (HAENKE) FRANCO. Pinus mugo Turra [Pinus mugo var. pumilio (Haenke) Zenari], plant part: leaves and twigs.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the fruits of Coriandrum sativum L.

Defi nition: Clove oil is obtained by steam distillation of the dried fl ower buds of Syzygium aro- maticum (L.) Merill et L. M. Perry (Eugenia caryophyllus C. Spreng. Bull. et Harr.).

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the fresh or dried fl owering stems of Salvia sclarea L.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the fresh or partially dried aerial parts of Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the leaves of Cinnamomum verum J.S. Presl.

Defi nition: Ceylon cinnamon bark oil is obtained by steam distillation of the bark of the shoots of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees (Cinnamomum verum J.S. Presl.).

Defi nition: Cassia oil is obtained by steam distillation of the leaves and young branches of Cinnamomum cassia Blume (Cinnamomum aromaticum Nees).

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the dry fruits of Carum carvi L.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the ripe fruits of Foeniculum vulgare Miller, ssp. vulgare var. vulgare. Content: fenchone: 12–25%, trans-anethole: 55–75%.

Defi nition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the dry ripe fruits of Pimpinella anisum L.